European Parliament discusses the results of the Assad regime’s collapse

MEPs assess the latest developments in Syria, its geopolitical implications, and the humanitarian situation in the region.

In a statement issued last Sunday, leading MEPs welcomed “the end of Syria’s brutal dictatorship” and called for a peaceful transition that fulfils the democratic aspirations of Syrians "democratic aspirations and ensures protection of all".

The new EU foreign policy chief, Kaja Kallas, said in her statement on the fall of the Assad regime that the territorial integrity of Syria must be preserved, with respect for its sovereignty and state institutions, and the rejection of all forms of extremism.

Background

Toppled Syrian president Bashar al-Assad fled to Moscow after Syrian rebels captured Damascus over the weekend of 7-8 December, ending decades of the Assad dynasty’s brutal reign.

Before armed fighters launched a surprise offensive in November 2024, Syria’s territory was divided between regime forces (supported by Russia and Iran) and rebel factions – some backed by Turkey and the USA.

After a 13-years-long civil war, Syria’s armed opposition said it ultimately plans to form a government based on functioning institutions and a “council chosen by the people”. While analysts warn of an extremely challenging transition due to the “diverse coalition” of armed fighters, an end to the war could allow millions of refugees scattered across camps in Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan to return home after more than a decade.