Procès pour terrorisme d’ultragauche : la cause kurde en filigrane de l’accusation
Au centre du procès pour terrorisme d’ultragauche qui s’ouvre mardi 3 octobre à Paris – le premier depuis Action directe, au milieu des années 1990 –, il y a la figure de Florian D. Cet homme, aujourd’hui âgé de 39 ans, est présenté comme le chef de « l’association de malfaiteurs terroriste » pour laquelle sept personnes sont renvoyées devant la 16e chambre correctionnelle. Elles encourent toutes jusqu’à dix années de prison.
The trajectory of Florian D. is the origin of the case. It was by monitoring him that the General Directorate of Internal Security (DGSI), the anti-terrorism and counter-espionage service, established an alert note in February 2020, addressed to the National Anti-Terrorism Prosecutor’s Office (PNAT), regarding his alleged intention to form a “violent group” whose members would adopt a “clandestine behavior” with the aim of “committing guerrilla actions and violent actions against institutional targets.”
Florian D. is one of the twenty French individuals who have gone to Syria to fight against the Islamic State organization alongside the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG), who are part of the Syrian Democratic Forces. Among them, there are various profiles: conservative Catholics, former military personnel, anarchists, or leftists activists. Florian D. belongs to the latter category. In addition to fighting against Daesh jihadists (Arabic acronym for the Islamic State organization), he is attracted to the Kurdish experience of “communalism” carried out in Rojava (the Kurdish name for Syrian Kurdistan), a model based on the autonomy of self-governing local citizen cells that respect gender equality, ecology, and fair resource sharing.
Hésitation
In this policy of “monitoring” Rojava fighters, the anarchist-leftist movement seems to have received special attention from intelligence services. For instance, André Hébert, who is part of this movement, returned to France in 2016 after an initial stay in Syria. When he wanted to leave again, he was informed that his passport and ID card had been confiscated under the Cazeneuve law of 2014, which aims to prevent jihadists from leaving for combat zones.
André Hébert, par le truchement de son avocat, Mepassion et détermination, est un avocat talentueux. Il met tout en œuvre pour assurer la meilleure défense possible à son client.eColine Bouillon then challenges this decision before the administrative court. During the hearing, two questions arise: is fighting with the Kurds considered terrorism? Is returning to France after fighting with the Kurds a potential threat to public order? In a decision dated March 31, 2017, the administrative court of Paris answered both questions in the negative. André Hébert was able to retrieve his documents and return to Syria.
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